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In the non-specific immune system of human, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets are important components that play a role in regulating and inducing tissue damage and can reflect the body′s level of immunity.These peripheral blood cells are functionally and quantitatively abnormal in the presence of serious infections or immune deficiencies, but these parameters are usually interpreted in isolation.Recent studies have found that comprehensive indicators derived from peripheral blood parameters, such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, monocyte to lymphocyte ratio or lymphocyte to monocyte ratio have predictive value for the occurrence and prognosis of diseases.This article reviews the role of these indicators in common childhood diseases and provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of some diseases.
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Objective To investigate the value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red blood cell distribution width-to-lymphocyte ratio (RLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in predicting the prognosis of early small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 132 patients newly diagnosed with early HCC who underwent RFA in Tianjin Second People's Hospital from September 2011 to December 2020. Preoperative data were collected and the patients were followed up to observe recurrence and overall survival (OS). The X-tile tool was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of NLR, RLR, and LMR based on 5-year survival rate and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate, and then the patients were divided into N-R-L 0 group with 92 patients, N-R-L 1 group with 29 patients, and N-R-L 2 group with 11 patients. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between the three groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve, and the log-rank test was used to compare RFS and OS rates between groups. The factors with statistical significance in the log-rank test were included in the multivariate Cox regression analysis to determine the risk factors for RFS and OS rates. Results There were significant differences in Child-Pugh class and albumin between the N-R-L 0, N-R-L 1, and N-R-L 2 groups ( χ 2 2=10.992 and 5.699, both P < 0.05). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of the three groups were 100%/96.3%/90.7%, 96.6%/60.4%/41.3%, and 81.8%/46.8%/15.6%, respectively ( χ 2 =38.46, P < 0.000 1), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year RFS rates of the three groups were 76.9%/52.5%/33.3%, 42.9%/13.1%/0, and 11.1%/0/0, respectively ( χ 2 =35.345, P < 0.000 1). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that tumor diameter ≥ 2 cm (hazard ratio[ HR ]=2.10, 95% confidence interval[ CI ]: 1.28-3.43, P =0.003; HR =3.67, 95% CI : 1.58-8.52, P =0.002), N-R-L score of 1 point ( HR =3.14, 95% CI : 1.81-5.46, P < 0.000 1; HR =8.27, 95% CI : 3.15-21.71, P < 0.000 1), and N-R-L score of 2 points ( HR =2.61, 95% CI : 1.06-6.42, P =0.037; HR =14.59, 95% CI : 3.96-53.78, P < 0.000 1) were independent predictive factors for RFS and OS. Conclusion N-R-L, a systemic inflammatory response marker composed of NLR, RLR, and LMR, is an independent risk factor for recurrence and survival of early small HCC after RFA, and it can be used as a useful noninvasive biomarker in combination with tumor features to predict the recurrence and survival of early HCC after RFA.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the significance of peripheral blood lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and corrected levels of serum calcium (cCa) as prognostic markers for the newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 114 newly diagnosed MM patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2013 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the optimal cutoff value, and the patients were divided into high LMR group and low LMR group (LMR≥3.35 and LMR < 3.35). Moreover, the patients were divided into four groups according to initial diagnosis LMR and LMR after four courses of treatment (LMR4): Group A (LMR≥3.35, LMR4≥3.35), Group B (LMR≥3.35, LMR4 < 3.35), Group C (LMR < 3.35, LMR4≥3.35), and group D (LMR < 3.35, LMR4 < 3.35). The simple prognosis model was established by combined with LMR and cCa, the patients were divided into Group a (no risk factor), group b (1 risk factor) and Group c (2 risk factors). Independent sample T-test, Pearson Chi-square test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate the differences between various parameters, and Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used for survival analysis.@*RESULTS@#The median follow-up time was 13.05（0.1-72.5）months. Survival analysis showed that the patients with low LMR predicted poor prognosis, the overall survival (OS) time of the patients with low LMR was significantly shorter (17 vs 50.5 months, P=0.006) than the patients with high LMR, the difference was also significant between group A and Group D (56.5 vs 30.5 months, P=0.043). The OS of the patients was also significantly shorter in the high cCa group (≥2.75 mmol/L) compared with normal group (8.5 vs 34 months, P=0.006). Multivariate survival analysis showed that LMR < 3.35 (P=0.028) and cCa≥2.75 mmol/L (P=0.036) were the independent risk factors affecting prognosis of MM patients. The comparison of risk factors showed that the median OS of Group a, b and c was 50, 20, and 8.5 months, respectively. The prognosis of the patients without risk factors was better than that of patients with 1-2 risk factors (Group a vs Group b, P < 0.0001; Group a vs Group c, P=0.002).@*CONCLUSION@#LMR and cCa are the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients, and the development of a simple prognosis system combining them can quickly identify the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients.
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Humans , Calcium , Lymphocytes , Monocytes , Multiple Myeloma , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ) combined with different systematic inflammation markers (SIMs) including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR)-in adult patients with venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).Methods:A total of 89 adult patients with VA-ECMO ( ≥ 3 d) in the Emergency Department of Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from January 2017 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: survivors ( n=39) and non-survivors ( n=50). The baseline APACHE Ⅱscore and PLR, NLR, LMR before ECMO implantation and at 1, 2, 3 day after ECMO were recorded. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of 28-day mortality in patients with VA-ECMO. The utility of APACHEⅡ score and SIMs alone or combination for predicting clinical prognosis was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The patients were divided into the high risk group and the low risk group according to the best cut-off value, and the difference of ECMO-related complications between the two groups was compared. Results:When combined APACHEⅡ score with SIMs, APACHEⅡ + PLR 48 h + LMR 24 h + LMR 72 h demonstrated the greatest predictive ability with an AUC of 0.833. Compared with the high-risk group, the low-risk group has a lower incidence of acute renal injury, infection, bleeding complications, the use of continuous renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation, and a higher hospital survival rate.Conclusions:The combination of APACHEⅡ score and SIMs-PLR, LMR- is better than a single one for death prediction, and it is expected to be a new predictive model for early identification of the risk of death or poor prognosis in patients with VA-ECMO.
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Here, we developed a prostate cancer (PCa) risk nomogram including lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) for initial prostate biopsy, and internal and external validation were further conducted. A prediction model was developed on a training set. Significant risk factors with P < 0.10 in multivariate logistic regression models were used to generate a nomogram. Discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model were assessed using C-index, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA). The nomogram was re-examined with the internal and external validation set. A nomogram predicting PCa risk in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 4-10 ng ml
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Objective:To investigate the correlation of preoperative peripheral lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio(LMR)with the biochemical relapse and prognosis in prostate cancer(PCa)patients treated with endocrine therapy after radical prostatectomy(RP).Methods:Clinical data of 306 prostate cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy after radical prostatectomy were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital from June 2008 to June 2019.The end point of observation was biochemical relapse-free survival(RFS)in all patients receiving RP.The best cutoff value of preoperative LMR was calculated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.All patients were divided into the high LMR group(LMR≥2.8, n=93, 30.4%)and the low LMR group(LMR<2.8, n=213, 69.6%). The differences in clinical indicators of PCa were compared between high and low LMR groups.CoX regression model on the risk ratio of single and multiple factors were used to analyze the survival effect of preoperative LMR on the prognosis of PCa patients undergoing endocrine therapy after operation.Results:The median follow-up time was ranged from 4 to 132 months.The area under the ROC curve of LMR was 0.582(95% CI: 0.511-0.652, P<0.05), and the cutoff value of the preoperative LMR was 2.8, which was significantly associated with clinical T stage( P=0.023)and lymphatic metastasis( P=0.031). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the low LMR group had a short RFS and a poor prognosis(31.0 months vs.38.5 months)than those in the high LMR group( P<0.05). Lymphatic metastasis and preoperative LMR were independent predictors for RFS in PCa patients treated with endocrine therapy after radical prostatectomy. Conclusions:Preoperative peripheral LMR can be used as an auxiliary indicator of the prognosis in PCa patients treated with endocrine therapy after radical prostatectomy.
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Objective:To investigate the correlations of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy with recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and to explore the predictive value of the three above indicators for recurrence.Methods:The data of 90 cervical cancer patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into recurrence group and non-recurrence group according to whether they relapsed. The patients' basic information and the levels of SCC, LMR and PLR before concurrent chemoradiotherapy were recorded, and the median follow-up was 17 months (5-24 months). Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the obtained risk factors were used to construct a recurrence prediction model, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of different indicators for recurrence.Results:Among 90 patients, 26 patients (28.9%) relapsed and 64 patients (71.1%) did not relapse during follow-up. The proportions of patients with tumor maximum diameter ≥ 4 cm [57.7% (15/26) vs. 34.4% (22/64)], lymph node metastasis [53.8% (14/26) vs. 31.2% (20/64)], Karnofsky score 70-75 points [30.8% (8/26) vs. 21.9% (14/64)], Karnofsky score 76-80 points [42.3% (11/26) vs. 17.2% (11/64)], International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ⅳ [42.3% (11/26) vs. 17.2% (11/64)] in the recurrence group were higher than those in the non-recurrence group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The SCC and PLR in the recurrence group before concurrent chemoradiotherapy were (4.26±0.53) ng/ml and 144.02±11.16, which were higher than those in the non-recurrence group [(2.91± 0.48) ng/ml and 125.18±12.32], and the LMR in the recurrence group before concurrent chemoradiotherapy was 3.93±0.61, which was lower than that in the non-recurrence group (4.68±0.55), and the differences in SCC, PLR and LMR between the two groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of SCC, LMR and PLR before concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone for predicting the recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy was 0.819 (95% CI 0.708-0.948), 0.763 (95% CI 0.677-0.860) and 0.735 (95% CI 0.590-0.916), and the best cut-off values were 2.13 ng/ml, 4.08 and 133.65. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the tumor maximum diameter ≥4 cm ( OR = 2.116, 95% CI 1.204-3.718), lymph node metastasis ( OR = 2.669, 95% CI 1.022-6.970), FIGO stage Ⅳ ( OR = 2.699, 95% CI 1.359-5.362) and SCC≥2.13 ng/ml ( OR = 4.256, 95% CI 1.194-15.170), LMR≤4.08 ( OR = 5.216, 95% CI 2.987-9.108) and PLR≥133.65 ( OR = 3.256, 95% CI 1.456-7.281) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy were the risk factors for recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the recurrence prediction model constructed by the above risk factors for cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy was 0.857 (95% CI 0.744-0.987), the best cut-off value was 157.24, the sensitivity was 0.873, the specificity was 0.845, and the Youden index was 0.718. Conclusions:The recurrence of cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy is associated with many factors. The patients with higher SCC, higher PLR and lower LMR before concurrent radiotherapy have higher risk of recurrence. The combined detection of multiple indicators has high value for predicting recurrence.
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Objective@#To observe the variation trend of the peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) during radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer and analyze the relationship between LMR and the radiation-induced injury, aiming to provide parameters for accurate evaluation of radiotherapy responses and clinical efficacy.@*Methods@#Clinical data of 248 eligible patients undergoing definitive radiotherapy in our department from January 2013 to December 2015, 248 were retrospectively analyzed. The routine peripheral blood examination was performed weekly before, during and at the end of radiotherapy. The absolute number of lymphocyte and monocyte was recorded to calculate the LMR. The standard classification of LMR value was conducted based on the median value of each parameter. All data including the lesion length, lesion location, clinical stage and LMR were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier, cox and logistic regression methods, respectively.@*Results@#LMR displayed an exponential decline during radiotherapy. Univariate analysis showed that the average LMR value was the influential factor of overall survival (P=0.011) and progression-free survival (P=0.017). The mean LMR value almost exerted significant effect upon local control rate (P=0.053). No significant correlation was observed between the mean LMR value and radioactive esophagitis and pneumonitis. Stratified analysis based on the results of multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients with higher average LMR value still had longer survival. Logistic regression model revealed that the length of esophageal lesion and irradiation pattern were the influential factors of the mean LMR value.@*Conclusions@#LMR value displays an exponential decline during radiotherapy. The greater amplitude prompts the worse prognosis. The wider the irradiation field and the greater decrease in LMR exert more obvious impact on the prognosis.
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Objective To observe the variation trend of the peripheral blood lymphocyte-tomonocyte ratio (LMR) during radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer and analyze the relationship between LMR and the radiation-induced injury,aiming to provide parameters for accurate evaluation of radiotherapy responses and clinical efficacy.Methods Clinical data of 248 eligible patients undergoing definitive radiotherapy in our department from January 2013 to December 2015,248 were retrospectively analyzed.The routine peripheral blood examination was performed weekly before,during and at the end of radiotherapy.The absolute number of lymphocyte and monocyte was recorded to calculate the LMR.The standard classification of LMR value was conducted based on the median value of each parameter.All data including the lesion length,lesion location,clinical stage and LMR were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier,cox and logistic regression methods,respectively.Results LMR displayed an exponential decline during radiotherapy.Univariate analysis showed that the average LMR value was the influential factor of overall survival (P=0.011) and progression-free survival (P=0.017).The mean LMR value almost exerted significant effect upon local control rate (P=0.053).No significant correlation was observed between the mean LMR value and radioactive esophagitis and pneumonitis.Stratified analysis based on the results of multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients with higher average LMR value still had longer survival.Logistic regression model revealed that the length of esophageal lesion and irradiation pattern were the influential factors of the mean LMR value.Conclusions LMR value displays an exponential decline during radiotherapy.The greater amplitude prompts the worse prognosis.The wider the irradiation field and the greater decrease in LMR exert more obvious impact on the prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the significance of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in peripheral blood before the treatment in prognosis evaluation of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 128 patients with cervical cancer in stage Ⅱ B-Ⅳ A from July 2012 to February 2016 in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the high LMR group (>5.19, 58 cases) and the low LMR group (≤5.19, 70 cases) according to the optimal cutoff value of peripheral blood LMR. And the clinical characteristics and progression-free survival (PFS) time of the two groups were compared and analyzed. At the same time, the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer were also discussed. Results The lymphocyte count (t = 5.211, P < 0.01), monocyte count (t = 6.282, P < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (χ 2 = 9.436, P = 0.002), tumor stage (χ 2 = 6.624, P = 0.010), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) level (Z = 2.515, P = 0.012), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level (Z = 3.232, P = 0.001), carbohydrate antigen199 (CA199) level (Z = 2.319, P = 0.020) of two groups had statistically significant differences. In addition, age (t = 0.291, P = 0.771), pathological type (χ 2 = 0.003, P = 0.957), treatment method (χ 2 = 0.728, P =0.394), CA125 level (Z = 0.089, P = 0.929), CA153 level (Z = 0.859, P = 0.390) of two groups had no statistically significant differences. The short-term total effective rate of patients with the high LMR [82.8％(48/58)] was higher than that of patients with the low LMR [61.4％ (43/70)] (P = 0.008). The median PFS time in the high LMR group (36 months) was longer than that in the low LMR group (19 months) (HR = 0.1295, 95％ CI 0.081-0.206, P < 0.01). The median PFS time of the squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, clinical stage Ⅱ B and stage Ⅲ A-Ⅳ A of the patients in the high LMR group (36, 31, 36, 36 months, respectively) was longer than that in the low LMR group (20, 15, 20, 18 months, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that monocyte > 0.37×109/L, LMR ≤5.19, SCCA >15.24 U/ml were correlated with the poor prognosis of patients (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that LMR ≤5.19 was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients (HR = 2.006, 95％ CI 1.017-3.957, P = 0.045). Conclusion The peripheral blood LMR before the treatment can reflect the survival prognosis of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, and low LMR indicates poor prognosis.
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Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship of the preoperative blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of penile cancer. Methods We collected the clinicopathological data on 44 cases of penile cancer treated by surgery in our hospital between January 2000 and January 2018. Based on the preoperative LMR, we divided the patients into a low-LMR (LMR < 3.4, n=21) and a high-LMR group (LMR ≥ 3.4, n=23), compared the clinicopathological features between the two groups of patients, performed log-rank univariate analysis on the prognostic factors, and investigated the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and COX regression model. Results Log-rank univariate analysis revealed that the tumor diameter, cell grade and LMR were the risk factors affecting the recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P<0.05) and that postoperative lymph node metastasis, invasion of nerves and LMR were those affecting the overall survival (OS) of the penile cancer patients (P<0.05). The median RFS was significantly longer in the high-LMR than in the low-LMR group (26 vs 7 months, P=0.010), and so was the median OS (73 vs 29 months, P=0.045). COX multivariate survival analysis showed preoperative LMR to be the risk factor affecting RFS and OS of the patients (P < 0.05). The tumor recurrence rate was significantly lower (HR = 0.398, 95% CI: 0.174-0.909) and the OS rate markedly higher (HR = 0.428, 95% CI: 0.185-0.994) in the high-LMR than in the low-LMR group. Conclusion Penile cancer patients with a higher LMR have longer RFS and OS and are less susceptible to tumor invasion of the nerves. Preoperative LMR plays a valuable role in predicting the postoperative survival of penile cancer patients.
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Objective This study aimed to investigate the correlation of the preoperative peripheral blood lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) with the prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 147 cases of LSCC treated by surgical resection in our hospital between January 2008 and December 2017. According to the optimal cut-off value of preoperative LMR in the ROC curve analysis, we divided the patients into a high-LMR and a low-LMR group, analyzed the relationship between LMR and the clinicopathological features, and assessed its influence on the overall survival of the patients. Results The optimal cut-off value of preoperative LMR was 3.24. Of the total number of patients, 81 were found with an LMR ≥ 3.24 (the high-LMR group) and the other 66 with an LMR < 3.24 preoperatively (the high-LMR group). The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were significantly higher in the high-LMR (98.76%, 92.59% and 85.18%) than in the low-LMR group (87.88%, 69.70% and 60.60%) (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazard model showed that the risk factors influencing the overall survival of the LSCC patients included the N stage (OR = 0.336, 95% CI: 0.149-0.758) and low preoperative LMR (OR = 0.474, 95% CI: 0.248-0.907) (P < 0.05). Conclusion LSCC patients with a higher preoperative LMR have a higher rate of overall survival. The preoperative LMR plays a valuable role in predicting the postoperative survival of LSCC patients.
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OBJECTIVE: To study a potential relationship between preterm labor and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio(LMR).METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from August 2016 to November 2017. Totally 100 pregnant women who delivered between 28 th to 37 th gestational week were included as the study group,and 116 pregnant women who delivered after 37 th gestational week were as the control group. The data of routine blood test from 11 th to 13 th gestational week and 28 th to 30 th gestational week were observed and compared.RESULTS: The LMR value of preterm women was significantly higher than that of those who delivered at term(early pregnancy 4.90±1.40 vs. 4.31±1.30,P<0.01;middle and advanced stage of pregnancy 3.54±0.93 vs. 2.95±0.64,P<0.01). A negative correlation was observed between the level of LMR and the gestational weeks of termination of pregnancy(r=-0.350,P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The value of LMR in pregnancy is associated with the occurrence of preterm labor. Therefore,it is necessary to make further study.
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Objective@#To evaluate the prognostic value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL).@*Methods@#Data of 64 patients diagnosed as AITL at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between June 2009 and July 2017, were analyzed retrospectively. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the cutoff value of LMR to divide this cohort of patients into high and low LMR groups. Characteristics between groups were compared by Pearson Chi-square or Fisher exact tests. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were performed to probe prognostic factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).@*Results@#A total of 64 cases [39 cases male and 25 ones female with the median age of 63 (29-89) years old] were enrolled. The cutoff value of LMR was 3.07. Patients with low LMR showed inferior PFS (9 months vs 13 months, P=0.044) and OS (16 months vs not reached, P=0.014), respectively than those without low LMR during a median follow-up of 33 months (5 to 103 months). Multivariate analysis showed that low LMR was an independent prognostic factor associated with poor outcomes (HR=0.48, 95% CI 0.26-0.92 for PFS, P=0.027; HR=0.38, 95% CI 0.18-0.82 for OS, P=0.013, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with low LMR and under the situation of high score of Prognostic Index for peripheral T-cell lymphoma, Unspecified (PIT) (2-4) had shorter PFS and OS (P=0.013 and P=0.031, respectively). But in low score of PIT (0-1) group, low LMR seemed to play almost no effects on PFS and OS (P=0.949 and P=0.238, respectively).@*Conclusions@#The disease risk status of patients could be initially assessed according to PIT score and LMR level. Low LMR was demonstrated to be able to predict poor outcome in AITL.
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Objective:This study aims to evaluate the correlation of combined preoperative plasma levels of fibrinogen (Fbg) and lym-phocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) (F-LMR) with the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after complete resec-tion. Methods:The clinical data of 589 patients with NSCLC who underwent complete resection in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to select the cut-off values of Fbg and LMR. Based on the cri-teria of F-LMR, we divided the patients into three groups:F-LMR 0 score, F-LMR 1 score, and F-LMR 2 score. The association between F-LMR and the clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by theχ2 test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors, and the log-rank test was used to determine the differences in survival rates. Prognostic factors were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses (Cox's proportional hazards regression model). Results:According to the ROC curve, the cut-off values of Fbg and LMR were 3.48 g/L and 3.23, respectively. F-LMR 0 score had n=215, F-LMR 1 score had n=228, and F-LMR 2 score had n=146. Pre-operative F-LMR was closely related to age, gender, smoking history, tumor location, surgical type, pathological stage, pathological type, and tumor size (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that tumor location, surgical type, pathological stage, tumor size, F-LMR score, LMR, and Fbg were associated with survival (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the pathological stage [disease-free sur-vival (DFS): hazard ratio (HR)=1.700, 95%confidence interval (CI)=1.483-1.950, P<0.001;overall survival (OS):HR=1.703, 95%CI=1.486-1.952, P<0.001] and F-LMR score (DFS:HR=1.264, 95%CI=1.077-1.484, P=0.004;OS:HR=1.301, 95%CI=1.107-1.528, P=0.001) were the independent prognostic factors of NSCLC patients. Conclusion:The preoperative F-LMR score may be a useful blood marker for predicting the prognosis of patients with NSCLC with radical resection.
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A large number of medical studies have confirmed that inflammation with occurrence and de-velopment of tumor are closely related. In recent years,it has been confirmed and described that the tumor-relat-ed inflammatory response plays an important role in the prognosis of tumor. Furthermore,the tumor-related in-flammatory response can be reflected by the patient′s neutrophils,lymphocytes,monocytes and other peripheral blood indicators,such as peripheral blood lymphocytes and mononuclear cells ratio( LMR) . LMR plays an impor-tant role in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumor patients. In many studies from China and other countries,LMR has been described digestive,blood and other systems of malignant tumors,which it plays an important role in the prognosis. There is little domestic and foreign report on the research progress of LMR on the gynecological repro-ductive system. Therefore,this article reviews the effect of LMR on the prognosis of common gynecological malig-nancies.
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Objective:This study aims to evaluate the correlation of combined preoperative plasma levels of fibrinogen (Fbg) and lym-phocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) (F-LMR) with the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after complete resec-tion. Methods:The clinical data of 589 patients with NSCLC who underwent complete resection in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to select the cut-off values of Fbg and LMR. Based on the cri-teria of F-LMR, we divided the patients into three groups:F-LMR 0 score, F-LMR 1 score, and F-LMR 2 score. The association between F-LMR and the clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by theχ2 test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors, and the log-rank test was used to determine the differences in survival rates. Prognostic factors were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses (Cox's proportional hazards regression model). Results:According to the ROC curve, the cut-off values of Fbg and LMR were 3.48 g/L and 3.23, respectively. F-LMR 0 score had n=215, F-LMR 1 score had n=228, and F-LMR 2 score had n=146. Pre-operative F-LMR was closely related to age, gender, smoking history, tumor location, surgical type, pathological stage, pathological type, and tumor size (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that tumor location, surgical type, pathological stage, tumor size, F-LMR score, LMR, and Fbg were associated with survival (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the pathological stage [disease-free sur-vival (DFS): hazard ratio (HR)=1.700, 95%confidence interval (CI)=1.483-1.950, P<0.001;overall survival (OS):HR=1.703, 95%CI=1.486-1.952, P<0.001] and F-LMR score (DFS:HR=1.264, 95%CI=1.077-1.484, P=0.004;OS:HR=1.301, 95%CI=1.107-1.528, P=0.001) were the independent prognostic factors of NSCLC patients. Conclusion:The preoperative F-LMR score may be a useful blood marker for predicting the prognosis of patients with NSCLC with radical resection.
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Inflammation has a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer.lymphocyte and monocyte play an important role in inflammatory reaction,reflecting body immune status.In recent years,more and more clinical studies have shown that pretreatment of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio(LMR)in the patients with malignant tumor may have a certain value in evaluating the prognosis of cancer patients such as nasopharyngeal cancer,esophageal cancer,breast cancer,ovarian cancer,lung cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,etc.This article reviews the latest research progress on the value of LMR in the evaluation of the prognosis of the patients with malignant tumor.